Robot · Dedicated Server

Linux dedicated server commands, explained.

A beginner field guide for a real Hetzner machine: Rescue System, RAID, partitioning, Ubuntu and Debian, then the daily commands that show CPU, RAM, and disk. Proxmox and Incus come later.

Start from zero Jump to commands

Robot + RescueActivate, reboot, SSH as root RAID is not backupMirrors keep you online, copies keep you safe installimageHetzner's installer for Debian and Ubuntu

Learn in this order

SSH into the box

Robot, IP, root, and the first safe commands.

Rescue System

A live Debian in RAM. Repair, mount, or reinstall.

RAID, then partitions

How disks work as a team, then how they are sliced.

Ubuntu or Debian

installimage writes the OS. Then check specs and usage.

First look at the machine

root@server ~ # lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,TYPE,FSTYPE,MOUNTPOINTroot@server ~ # free -hroot@server ~ # df -hroot@server ~ # cat /proc/mdstat

Rescue System

PXE live environment that does not touch your disks until you tell it to.

RAID

RAID 0, 1, 5, 6, 10 in plain language, plus mdadm on Hetzner.

Partitioning

lsblk, parted, GPT, LVM, and installimage PART lines.

Ubuntu & Debian

Working installimage configs for one disk or RAID1.

Hardware specs

CPU, RAM, NVMe vs SATA, network, SMART.

Firewall & ports

UFW, iptables, forwarding, and whether a port can be shared.

Proxmox & Incus

Later: VMs and containers on this same dedicated server.